Linguistics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Phonetics - Essay Example Single BMCC understudy. 4) Jun-ho (Male, 28) †Single City undergrad 5) Jun-gil (Male, 28) †Married. LaGuardia Student, low maintenance laborer at a bar, 6) Hye-jung (Female, 27) †Single Culinary school understudy Throughout our discussion, we invested the greater part of the energy discussing work and family, yet in addition about language. This seemed well and good since we were all Koreans and regularly needed to utilize English. Likewise, work and family are two of the most significant things for us all. On the off chance that we mindfully tune in to the translation, Choong-hoon talked the most. His associate, Jun-gil, additionally talked frequently. The purpose behind such may be on the grounds that Choong-hoon is the oldest among the men in the gathering. Despite the fact that everybody ridiculed Jun-gil for just addressing Choong-hoon, he really talked a great deal also. Furthermore, he presumably converses with Choong-hoon a great deal since he is only a visitor who doesn't know everyone yet. Along these lines, we as a whole needed to find out about him to assist him with loosening up a piece. Then again, Hye-jung, who is the most youthful among the ladies at the gathering, talked the least. It may have been on the grounds that individuals frequently ridiculed her Korean elocution. From that point forward, she stayed silent for a long time. Moreover, on the off chance that we listen cautiously at the translation, at that point it becomes clear that there are a few examples. For example, individuals were all gracious to Jun-gil, who was not an individual from the gathering previously. So they asked him gracious inquiries about his family and occupation. Between the greater part of the others, the style of the conversation was much increasingly unique. Discussions were frequently loaded up with jokes, for individuals were progressively acquainted with one another. Regardless of whether this was the situation, the well mannered discussion mar kers like gracious bba, were at times utilized. Curiously, they frequently appeared to be accustomed to making jokes, for they weren’t taken actually. Moreover, there were a few principles for how to hinder or differ with somebody. Difference or interference normally obliges the sex of the individuals present. For example when, Hye-jung didn't talk plainly, another young lady said something regarding it first. Choong-hoon then said he suspected as much as well, however he didn't state it so straight forward when contrasted with the girl’s remark. Likewise when Jun-gil was discussing whether he was working during his significant other's work, Jun-ho, another male, is the person who intrudes on him. In any case, there were no repaired rules for bringing another subject. It was simply done when we had all got done with looking at something, yet the most striking element was that Choong-hoon and Jung-yeon, the oldest among the people in the gathering, for the most part rai sed the new theme. Given the previously mentioned situation, let’s investigate the phonetic standards and ideas in the talk. To start with, we’ve took in the different properties of human language in class, and one of them is social transmission. Dialects are impacted in by their way of life; henceforth these dialects are not all that straightforward without an adequate social foundation. In the talk, we utilized the words goodness bba, hyeong and nu-na, in light of the fact that in Korean, dissimilar to in English, there are various methods of making statements like â€Å"you†, contingent upon how individuals are connected socially, for example, the age holes of individuals. There are even various action words for very gracious circumstances. In our discussion, Jung-yeon said to Jun-gil, â€Å"It’s extremely hard to address you in a casual manner, despite the fact that you are more youthful than me.† That’s in light of the fact that it was the first run through Jun-gil and Jung-yeon met, so

Business Guru free essay sample

There are numerous parts of my life that have driven me to my choice of studying Business and Communications. A portion of these viewpoints are gotten from youth encounters and my extracurricular exercises (Future Business Leaders of America). At the point when I was more youthful, I had a fixation on cash. Around the age of 10, I had begun working at our privately-run company. My activity obligations included little employments like clearing, cleaning, and setting tables. Since I had begun working there, my auntie started to give me some cash for helping her. Following a couple of long periods of helping my auntie, I started to gather an investment funds, and an adoration for cash, in my little pink lock box under my bed. My mother, father, sibling, and sister before long understood that I had the entirety of this cash and started to request to obtain cash from me. When my family started to get cash, I started to track the withdrawals from my lock box. We will compose a custom exposition test on Business Guru or then again any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Alongside a record of withdrawals, I likewise kept a rundown of who owed premium, which originated from my granddad who consistently discussed cash. In any case, since I was youthful, I would consistently disregard who owed premium and would in general consideration increasingly about the cash I was getting from everybody who started to reimburse me. The privately-run company got my foot in the entryway when it went to all business perspectives. Since early on and the famiy business, I have been infatuated with anything business related. I started to grow a greater amount of that affection when I arrived at secondary school. In secondary school, I got engaged with numerous extracurricular exercises, explicitly Future Business Leaders of America. In this club, I was given various chances to investigate various kinds of business, for example, the distinction among Marketing and Entrepreneurship. Every year in the club, I was given a venture to achieve. One year, I needed to make a business arrangement for a new company. This gave me some knowledge to the enterprise side of business and what a business person was required to do. This undertaking made me to understand that I was not partial to business enterprise. One more year, I was joined forces with an organization to make another promoting plan. My showcasing plan won by decision of the organization which was fused into their business. This venture was increasingly centered around the promoting part of business which helped me grow a greater amount of an enthusiasm into a particular piece of business. During the time of my investment inside this club, I started to acknowledge how much energy and love I had for business. Despite the fact that there are numerous perspectives to my choice, I trust King’s College will best live up to my instructive desires and be an ideal choice for me. At King’s College, I want to contemplate business by studying Business and minoring in Communications. I think King’s College is a perfect spot for me as a result of the well prestigious business college, William G. McGowan School of Business. The thing I love most about King’s College is that they are focused on every single understudy, give each understudy an instructive or profession objective, and give a feeling of network like I find in my old neighborhood of Carbondale, Pennsylvania.

Nursing Care Study And Reflection Example

Nursing Care Study And Reflection Example Nursing Care Study And Reflection â€" Essay Example > Nursing Care Case StudyIntroductionThe case study is about Robert Jones who is thirty three years old and has had several admissions secondary to psychiatric illnesses. This patient has some problems which make him to be at risk in the future. Firstly, the patient has been on management for psychiatric illnesses for fifteen years but still has episodes of the illness, because of the patient’s inability to take medications. Thus, as argued by Blanchard, (2008, p. 17), the nurse is important in trying to establish what the factors are, which are making the patient not to take his medications appropriately. The patient also appears to be an alcoholic which puts him in a danger of getting addicted. When the patient gets addicted, he cannot take medications properly and in addition cannot take care of his health appropriately. The patient is single and does not have a stable family who can take care for him which puts him at risk because he appears to have no other person who is very close to him to share his thoughts with. This can lead complications such as depressive disorder or even committing suicide. As indicated by Blanchard, (2008, p. 20), the role of the nurse here is to counsel the patient so that he understands the need of having a close person who they can share experiences of life with, regardless of whether in a love relationship or not (male or female). This will also make him avoid the risks which come with a person being in an unstable relationship. These include such things as risks of getting sexually transmitted infections because of having multiple partners (Beech, et al. 2007, pp, 121). The parents and other family members do not live with him which puts him at risk of not being taken care of well. The failure to take medications might be as a result of lack of a person who will ensure that he takes medications as required. Considering that he is an alcoholic, he is likely to have very little concern about his health and thus he is suppo sed to have a close relative who can help him take care of himself. This is the role of the parents or close relatives in the management of the patient. Therefore, the nurse can as a matter of responsibility, give counseling to the patient’s relatives so that they understand the need of the patient staying with someone to take good care of him. The social worker has the responsibility of following the patient up and ensuring that the parents or the other relatives are seriously taking care of the patient (Blanchard, 2008, p. 21). This rehabilitation will help the patient in two ways: firstly, he will be able to get some money from the job he is doing. This will help him acquire the basic needs and thus make him have less stress from lack of finances. He will be able to work and earn some income for his upkeep. He will not also be a burden to the relatives who currently have to supply him with the basic needs. Secondly, getting a job for the patient will also help in the reductio n of the free time for the patient. As a result, it will reduce the patient’s time of engaging in alcoholism in his free time. Getting a job is the social worker’s duty and is an essential part of the management of a patient with psychiatric illness.

Nursing Reflection - 1584 Words

At the end of this enriching journey, which is considered to be a turning point for me as a graduate student at Indiana University of Pennsylvania. Thankfully, I was able to finish my practicum hours in the Pediatric unit at Indiana Regional Medical Center (IRMC). This opportunity helped me to complete a total of 88 clinical hours. Furthermore, I was blessed to work with Ms. Katherine Wolfe, the charge nurse on the Pediatric unit on the 7th floor at IRMC. I have gained a lot of administrative knowledge and skills. Also, I was able to relate what I have learned in the previous courses to the real work environment. Luckily, I had the chance to learn not only the administrative roles in the hospital but also the educational roles.†¦show more content†¦Interestingly, the questions that The Chief Nursing Officer has asked were the same as the questions that Ms. Wolfe discussed with the nurse before the meeting. The Chief Nursing Officer told the nurse the process that a complaint takes to be evaluated and discussed with HIPAA. Compared to the health care system in Saudi Arabia, many violations were made by nurses or other health care providers, but there is no act for that, such as the Health Insurance Probability and Accountability Act (HIPAA). Moreover, if there is a clear violation, the health care providers are called to the Human Resources office to discuss the situation and decide what they can do about it, whether to terminate the individuals or to sign needed papers to attach it their records. I would like to introduce the idea of having a similar system to protect patients, health care providers, and the health care organization in general. Additionally, I remember when I was working in one of the hospitals as a registered nurse in Saudi Arabia, some of the nurses used to gossip about the patients or their families, which is not acceptable. Also, when they knew that a famous person, an actor, an actress, a singer, or a prince, etc. was at the hospi tal they talked about their health conditions or their relatives’. If we had a system like Health Insurance Probability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), theseShow MoreRelatedNursing reflection.12855 Words   |  52 PagesReflective Essay This essay will look at reflection on a critical incident that has promoted a positive outcome. It is not a very major incident but it stands out as it has a potential for learning. This essay will identify and explain Johns (1994) model of reflection and explain what reflection is and why reflective practice is necessary and how it can be used. Schone (1983) recommended reflection on critical incidence as a valuable term, sited in Ghaye and Lillyman (1997) a critical incidentRead MoreReflection in Nursing1478 Words   |  6 PagesNurseGateway  « 1st year reflection using Gibbs reflective cycle  » Welcome Guest. Please Login or Register. 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Reflective writing is considered a key component of portfolio assessment because it provides evidence of skills development and increasing clinical competence (Smith 2005). What is reflection? Reflection is definedRead MoreNursing Reflection Paper : Nursing Essay1107 Words   |  5 Pages Nursing Reflection Paper John Mwangi St Joseph School of Nursing Nursing can be a demanding career, but the benefits far much outweigh the challenges. Most importantly, it’s the rewards it offers by allowing an opportunity to make a difference in another person’s life through the provision of care when they need it. Just as Patricia Benner theorized in her book â€Å"Novice to Expert,† nursing encompasses both educational knowledge and extensive clinical experience acquired throughout one’sRead MoreCritical Reflection In Nursing1335 Words   |  6 PagesCritical reflection is vital to develop evidence based practice for safe and quality approaches to professional nursing practice. 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Disorder of Donnie Darko, choose a movie with a main...

Donnie Darko is an almost confusing film about time travel, schizophrenia and the manipulation of one s fate. The film focuses on a teenage schoolboy named Donnie Darko. Donnie is not mentally healthy but he is very intelligent and has extremely high Iowa test scores. He also has a tendency to hallucinate and do destructive things when sleepwalking, such as flooding his school and burning down a house, due to this he is on strong medication and sees a therapist on a regular basis. After a near death experience, Donnie starts seeing an imaginary friend known as Frank. Frank is a seven foot tall, demonic looking rabbit, who tells him about how the world is going to end and of the possibilities of time travel. Frank saved Donnie from this†¦show more content†¦Donnie Darko s behavior is very abnormal, he is not like anybody else in his environment. This can mostly be attributed to being a paranoid schizophrenic. Paranoid schizophrenia is one of the most damaging of all mental di sorders. It causes it s victims to lose touch with reality as Donnie does with his ideas of time travel. They often begin to hear, see, or feel things that aren t really there, or hallucinations which Donnie often experiences. They also become convinced of things that

Intra-Racial Discrimination Free Essays

Krystal LopezPage 1 10/23/11 Hispanics Vs. Hispanics: Inter-racial Discrimination Many Americans believe that racial discrimination is no longer problematic in today’s society. Situations of interracial discrimination are often cited, but this does not to take into account that there is often conflict within the race as well. We will write a custom essay sample on Intra-Racial Discrimination or any similar topic only for you Order Now This misconception stems from the fact that diversity amongst the racial groups is often overlooked. Intra-racial discrimination is when a person or group of people of the same race use factors including, but not limited to, socioeconomic background, appearance, and kin color. Social or workplace hierarchies often develop under racial influence. Hostilities and tensions can reside in every race of minority, but it is highly apparent in the Hispanic community. Intra-racial discrimination has far reaching effects on not only the individual minority, but on the race as a whole. The pressure of this type of discrimination affects how Hispanics collaborate within a society of American superiority. For instance, people of Hispanic descent who do not speak Spanish are often mistreated by people of their own, ethnic background. These people might be found ulturally lacking and treated differently from those that speak the language. The differences within a specific race are nothing more tha n that. They are purely genetic or cultural, and do not hold any value. It becomes a matter of cultural perception of what is expected rather than an actual cultural lack. Typically among Hispanics and other ethnic minorities, discrimination is an increasing actuality witnessed even in the workplace. With the Hispanic population growing rapidly, along with their increasing numbers of employment, it is becoming more apparent that inter and intra-racial iscrimination will target them as both victims and perpetrators. A hierarchy, or pecking order between races and within races, and biased management are some of prime examples of workplace inequalities. Situations like these occur because of the lack of people’s understanding of diversity. Page 2 Discrimination is also prevalent within a race as seen in how some believe that varying skin tones is cause for racial disparity. With a wide array of skin tones, Hispanics believe they are easily targeted for ridicule and mistreatment. Even within their own race, some believe that lighter skin tones rovide them much more opportunities, and can help them to be more successful in a white dominated community. More opportunities were provided for those with lighter skin. Not only do Hispanics in America face more discrimination in regards to their outer appearance, they also deal with the constant battle of being accused that they are not being ethnic enough, or being too â€Å"Americanized† and not keeping their culture and traditions alive. Part of the Hispanic population across the Mexican border feel that American Hispanics are â€Å"traitors† to their thnicity because they have denied themselves their rich, historical culture and thus abandoned their roots. Some Non-White Hispanics discriminate against their own race, not because of any physical differences, but because of the similarities they share. Some identify with whites to such an extent, that they believe they are white themselves. Ultimate ly, being discriminated against can lead to the shameful denial of one’s self and their heritage, in hopes of becoming a more easily accepted member of a predominantly White America. Their wish is to assimilate into the culture and to â€Å"fit in†. In the article, Raising the Status of the Cashier, Agius and Lee report on their findings while observing the interaction between Hispanic cashiers born in another country and their white customers. The results of their three month long observations and their twenty interviews, was very surprising. La Canasta is an ethnic market catering to the Hispanic population in the area. When it was originally proposed for that area, local communities tried to stop it from being put in. The employees are all Hispanic and the cashiers are all Hispanic females that were born in another country and do not speak Page 3 English. Due to the fact that this store caters to the Hispanic population, it was interesting to learn that over a period of time, the white customer base actually jumped dramatically. What the researchers found even more interesting was the fact that the Hispanic cashiers actually treated the white customers better than the Hispanic ones. The cashiers thanked the white customers on an average three times compared to one on the Hispanic customers. They spent more time and lingered on the sale with the white customer. The Hispanic cashiers tended to be more friendly and smile with the white customers. These findings went against the findings of previous research under McCormick and Kinloch (1986). This research indicated that it was more about the racial situation between whites and Hispanics rather than the race of the cashier. This was not the case at La Canasta. It appeared that the cashiers went the extra mile for their white guests. Even though, it was impossible to verbally communicate, the cashiers would joke with the white customers more than the Hispanic ones. When asked why they went to this specific store, the white guests indicated that they liked being the only hite person in the store and receiving personalized attention. When the cashiers were asked about the diverse background visiting the store, they all indicated that there was a fair percentage of white people. When asking the white customers, they all indicated that they were the only white people in the store even if there were other white people in the store at that very time. La Canasta shows that their can be discrimination within the same race. â€Å"The cashiers do not resent their White customers†¦ and accept their place in the social hierarchy† (Agius Lee, 214). It appears that the cashiers felt that there was a growth in social status by helping the white customers. Thus, consciously or subconsciously, they treated the white customers better than their own nationality. The cashiers believe that â€Å"their presence alone raises their status† (Agius Lee, 215). They are not just cashiers, but cashiers that serve white customers. Page 4 Discrimination has been around for thousands of years. It seeps into all societies and often changes rational men to irrational. It is not just between two races; it knows no bounds or restrictions. Within a culture, there can be discrimination. It can be based upon the slight shade in a skin tone, to the perception that one’s race may elevate social status. It covers all facets of a culture from customs to speaking the language. Diversity within the Hispanic culture provides many outlets for discrimination of all kinds. It is just as destructive intra-racially as it is inter-racially. Works Cited Jody A. Agius and Jennifer Lee, â€Å"Raising the Status of the Cashier: Latina-White Interactions in an Ethnic Market,† 18/10/201: 27 pages, Springer How to cite Intra-Racial Discrimination, Papers

Russian Communism Leninism And Stalinizm Is What Essays

Russian Communism: Leninism and Stalinizm is what? Russian Communism: Leninism and Stalinizm is what? The specter is haunting Europe?the specter of communism... So what is this specter called communism and how haunting is it really? The Webster's Dictionary says that communism is a system of social organization in which all economic and social activity is controlled by a totalitarian state dominated by a single and self-perpetuating political party. Karl Marx says that communism is abolition of private property. Others say it is equal division of unequal earnings or it is an opiate of the intellectuals. Even some go so far as to proclaim that communism is a state form of Christianity. The bottom line is?communism is "one-third practice and two-thirds explanation of a failed experiment," as the authors of Twelve Chairs, E. Ilf and I. Petrov, define it. The underlying theme of Twelve Chairs is to define the Russian communism. The authors, though their two protagonists, Ostap Bender and Ippolit Vorobyaninov, use satire and slight exaggeration to ridicule the idiocy and flaws of Soviet social structure in a funny yet touching, melancholy way. The search for bejeweled chairs takes Bender and Vorobyaninov from the provinces of Moscow to the wilds of Soviet Georgia and the Trans-Caucasus Mountanins. Ostap Bender is an unemployed con artist living by his wits in post revolutionary Soviet Russia. He joins forces with Ippolit Vorobyaninov, a former nobleman who has returned to his hometown to find a cache of missing jewels, which were hidden by his mother in one of the twelve chairs. The Soviet authorities had confiscated these chairs, as well as all of Vorobyaninov's possessions including his mansion. Not only does the search for bejeweled chairs serves as a plot device for the novel, it also contributes to ridiculing the Soviet system. On their long and thrilling expedition, Bender and Vorobyaninov satirically inspect progress and success of the Soviet Communism; they come to conclusion, not surprisingly, that there is no success (success of the Soviet Communism) because there was not progress to begin with. Communism, as the novel points out, is inequality, but not as property is. Property is exploitation of the weak by the strong, communism is exploitation of the strong by the weak. How can the weak abuse the strong? Sounds absurd doesn't it? Yet it is the actuality of the Soviet Communism. One of the main points of Soviet propaganda was to get rid of all the wealthy, that is educated upper-middle class, and let the illiterate lower-middle class rule in a classless society. How could such thing be possible? How could people who do not know how to rule be in charge? How could the last be first and the first be last? That is the absurdity of Soviet apparatus, for it goes against the human nature. Because "the light at the end of the tunnel" was to achieve classless society, everyone must be of one class, that is class of the proletariat. Consequently, everyone must be equal. Everyone must live in the same communal apartments, everyone must wear the same type of clothing, everyone must have the same political idea (idea of communism), and everyone must receive the same amount of money for his/her services to the country. And that is, as Bender points out in a dialogue with a Moscow worker, the absurdity of the communist program. "They [communists] went from bad to worse," Bender concludes (78). The implication of that sentence is that Lenin got rid off all the wealthy (those who were in charge in Czarist Russia) and filled the vacuum with the proletariat. Thus all workers became, theoretically and practically, in charge of their factories or mills. And what happens when everyone is in charge thus forming a "classless" society? The answer is simple. Communism or its synonym? nonsense." Furthermore, how can everyone receive the same amount of money for different types of services; how can everyone get paid the same? It's the senselessness of Soviet Communism, as the book points out. In turn, the "equality of wages" created pandemic laziness and slackness in Soviet Union. For instance, imagine yourself an engineer in a factory and imagine your friend, Joe Smith, a simple worker in that same factory. Although you worked considerably harder and longer to get you Ph.D. in engineering and Joe Smith didn't, for he is a simple worker, both of your salaries are about the same. Soon, you will start asking yourself one plain question: how come I work three times harder, both mentally and physically, then Joe Smith yet our paychecks are alike? And little by little you

Language Lovers Unite!

Language Lovers Unite! Language Lovers Unite! Language Lovers Unite! By Maeve Maddox Kathryn McCary has asked for a post on when to use a and when to use an. Her request was prompted by the following passage she read in a piece of professionally produced corporate publicity: Since the HLB is a secured lender, all of our credit products require collateral to maintain our positions [sic] as a accessible and cost effective source of credit for members. Says Kathryn, HLB is the Federal Home Loan Bank of New York, part of a system of banks chartered by the Federal Government in 1932you would think they could hire writers who know REALLY BASIC English usage rules! This post is not going to explain the uses of a and an. Youll find no fewer than four posts on the indefinite article in the DWT archives: Give Me an A Using A and An Before Words When to Use an A Historic or An Historic Event? The kindest thing we can say about the lapse in the bank copy is that it may have been a simple typo. It happens to the most conscientious writers. We proof an article twenty times, and as soon as the piece is published, the dratted error leaps out at us. But lets say that it wasnt a typo. Lets say that the writer didnt see anything amiss with writing a accessible. Thats not a reflection on the writers professional education so much as an indictment of U. S. elementary education. Its not just professional writers who should know really basic English usage rules like when to use a and when to use an. Any English speaker educated in an English-speaking country should have a form of basic standard usage down by the age of 13. As much of the content of this blog reflects, many high school and college graduates manage to get by without mastering the basics. So, whats to be done, other than to tear our hair? I think that a possible answer is for language lovers to put their money where their mouths are. Improvement in the teaching of basic English skills is not to be hoped for from the current flurry of education reform. The emphasis is all on math, science, and computer skills. Thanks to the ubiquitous computer keyboard, handwriting has already become a despised skill. Spelling instruction is on the way out because spellcheck programs are seen by many as a substitute for knowledge of the English sound code. Something that might help delay or reverse the decline of basic literacy skills would be a grassroots movement spearheaded by language lovers: people who respond to blogs like this one, and language zealots who go around painting out unnecessary apostrophes and correcting misspelled words on signs. Language lovers could get together on a local level and sponsor contests for handwriting, basic grammar, and spelling. (And by spelling, I dont mean the kind of oral exhibition that rewards overachievers for their ability to memorize words few people use. I mean competitions in which children write down words like February and definite from dictation.) Local groups and individuals could organize contests for children ages 6-13 through youth clubs and county fairs. Aspiring novelists could be recruited to sponsor contests in which children demonstrate an acquaintance with books. After all, theres not much point in writing books if the audience for literature continues to dwindle. Prize money could be minimal, anything from a dollar to $25. Who knows, if such contests got started at a local level, a corporation might come along to offer a national contest with big bucks in prize money. A 13-year-old Brooklyn girl just won $50,000 from a manufacturer of mobile phones for her ability to text quickly and accurately. Perhaps the answer to declining literacy skills lies outside the classroom. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:The Royal Order of Adjectives 20 Words Meaning "Being or Existing in the Past"Nominalized Verbs

Indricotherium (Paraceratherium) - Facts and Figures

Indricotherium (Paraceratherium) - Facts and Figures Name: Indricotherium (Greek for Indric beast); pronounced INN-drik-oh-THEE-ree-um; also known as Paraceratherium Habitat: Plains of Asia Historical Epoch: Oligocene (33-23 million years ago) Size and Weight: About 40 feet long and 15-20 tons Diet: Plants Distinguishing Characteristics: Large size; slender legs; long neck    About Indricotherium (Paraceratherium) Ever since its scattered, oversized remains were discovered in the early 20th century, Indricotherium has occasioned controversy among paleontologists, who have named this giant mammal not once, but three timesIndricotherium, Paraceratherium and Baluchitherium have all been in common usage, with the first two currently battling it out for supremacy. (For the record, Paraceratherium seems to have won the race among paleontologists, but Indricotherium is still preferred by the general publicand may yet wind up being assigned to a separate, but similar, genus.) Whatever you choose to call it, Indricotherium was, hands-down, the largest terrestrial mammal that ever lived, approaching the size of the giant sauropod dinosaurs that preceded it by over a hundred million years. An ancestor of the modern rhinoceros, the 15-to-20-ton Indricotherium had a relatively long neck (though nothing approaching what youd see on a Diplodocus or Brachiosaurus) and surprisingly thin legs with three-toed feet, which years ago used to be portrayed as elephant-like stumps. The fossil evidence is lacking, but this huge herbivore probably possessed a prehensile upper lipnot quite a trunk, but an appendage flexible enough to allow it to grab and tear the tall leaves of trees. To date, fossils of Indricotherium have only been found in the central and eastern parts of Eurasia, but its possible that this gigantic mammal also stomped across the plains of western Europe and (conceivably) other continents as well during the Oligocene epoch. Classified as a hyrocodont mammal, one of its closest relatives was the much smaller (only about 500 pound) Hyracodon, a distant North American anecstor of the modern rhinoceros.

Human Resources Manager at Shangrila-Hotels International Assignment

Human Resources Manager at Shangrila-Hotels International - Assignment Example Likewise, I find fulfillment in meeting the needs of people who need good service. I believe I am the best candidate for this position. My resume is attached for your perusal. The Front Desk Officer is a crucial job, especially when handling customer service concerns. The FDO,( also commonly known as the Receptionist ) is responsible for representing the company to the public the minute they walk in an establishment especially if it’s within a hospitality industry. The important issue here is that the Receptionist creates a lasting impression on the visitors. There are many openings for a Front Desk Officer internationally. Aside from such  Ã‚   Duties, other duties may also be assigned to the Receptionist as long as it pertains to the receiving of guests. Furthermore, this job entails not only skills in accommodating guests and making reservations but also certain personal qualities that would be endearing to the guests.  

HRM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 5

HRM - Essay Example For the human capital and other organizational changes to be effective, the HR system will require business credibility and the capacity to work in coordination with other business leaders. HR Business Partners will ensure that strategies to ensure these are incorporated in business decisions. Thorough functional and theoretical knowledge in diverse aspects of HR is expected in the implementation of such changes. However, with frequent developments in the area of HR and other organizational aspects, it is difficult for individual business leaders to constantly acquire the required knowledge. Here the International HR Business Partners have an important role in supplementing the required functional knowledge. Their role is spread across the areas of organizational design, change management, cultural diversity and human system alignment (Jamieson, 2007). A very important role of Business Partners is to integrate the business decisions with that of other leaders so that there are positi ve strategic implications in terms of the rapid changes. They design, engage and maintain the human capital to be ready to face the challenges of the open global market. In general the area of HR has undergone a lot of changes in the last two decades. It has gained more strategic importance. There had been continuous changes in the theoretical modeling and increased concentration on training and certifications. More importantly, the process of outsourcing gained importance through the time (Ulrich & Brockbank, 2005). This development gave rise to the concept of becoming a business partner. This concept has gained momentum especially in the last 15 years. This was increasingly engaged at least partly by businesses to have simultaneously handle strategies and all other HR operations. The scope of HR was initially limited to managing the

Continuing Professional Development

Continuing Professional Development Healthcare professionals use of the term continuing professional development has evolved over the past decades from the narrower terms of continuing dental education (CDE); continuing medical education (CME), and continuing education (CE). Although these terms are still used interchangeably, the broader CPD, acknowledges the inclusion of topics that extend beyond the traditional scope of health care subjects such as managerial, personal and social skills, and recognises the multidisciplinary context of practice and the wide range of competences required to provide high quality patient care. It is the process by which healthcare professionals update themselves through the continuous acquisition of new knowledge, skills and attitudes that enable them to remain competent, current and able to meet the needs of their patients (Peck, McCall, McLaren and Rotem, 2000) and, their statutory obligations via their regulatory body (Mathewson and Rudkin, 2008). The underlying philosophy of CPD is to encourage lifelong learning (Griscti and Jacono, 2006). It is essentially lifelong learning in practice (Peck et al, 2000) that, post qualification and registration, now forms a continuum of cradle-to-grave quality assurance throughout a professionals working life (Mathewson and Rudkin, 2008). The aim of this literature research is to support the authors dissertation which is an investigation into the possible impact and effectiveness of mandatory CPD on the professional competence of dental care professionals (DCPS), specifically, dental hygienists. The author is a qualified dental hygienist of 27 years and is included in the cohort of PCDs who complete their first five year cycle of CPD in July 2013. A literature search found very few studies relating to dental hygienists and CPD therefore a vast majority of information has been abstracted from literature pertaining to dentists and aligned healthcare professionals such as, doctors who also undertake mandatory CPD. This assignment will refer to the applicable, generic outcomes from the literature unless the results are specific to a healthcare group CPDà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦a career long process required [by dentists] to maintain, update and broaden [their] attitudes, knowledge and skills in a way that will bring the greatest benefit to [their] patients European Commission 1996 cited in Tseveenjav, 2003; Bailey, 2012. As a professional healthcare worker, CPD is important in that the quality of practice is dependent on the possession and proper use of high level skills, which, if not maintained may have a serious impact or consequence for the patient (Collin, Van der Heijden and Lewis, 2012). Therefore, it is regarded as an ethical obligation and professional responsibility that practitioners engage in CPD (Murtomaa, 1984 cited in Tseveenjav, 2003) as it is an important value of professionalism (Donen, 1998). Following a literature review, Hilton (2004) identifies six domains incorporated within (medical) professionalism, three of which are the personal or intrinsic attributes. These are: ethical practice; reflection and self-awareness; responsibility and accountability for ones actions including a commitment to excellence, lifelong learning and critical reasoning. Cosgrove (cited in Hilton, 2004) describes professionalism as a state not trait which must be maintained once acquired. The General Den tal Council (GDC) concur and add that CPD, as part of professionalism, also promotes confidence in the practitioner and dental team (GDC Preparing for practice:6). This is, however, applicable to all professionals who have a moral and social responsibility to remain competent and current in their subject specialism whether this is through legal compulsion or not. Mandatory participation in CPD As a response to environmental pressures (Johnson, 2008) such as advances in technology which have led to the erosion of traditional (medical) boundaries (Pendleton, 1995); health sector reforms with a focus on prevention (Johnson, 2008); and partly as a result of paradigm shifts in societal expectations demanding increased accountability (Tulinius and Holge-Hazleton, 2010; Mathewson and Rudkin, 2008; Tseveenjav, M, and Muttomaa, 2003) mandatory CPD was introduced as a quality assurance system to reassure the public that dental professionals are fit to practice and meet the standards required to stay registered with the GDCà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦without which they cannot practice (Mathewson and Rudkin, 2008). In July 2008 the GDC, the dental regulatory body, introduced compulsory registration and mandatory continued professional development for all DCPs. The GDC specified that, within a five year cycle, each DCP should provide evidence of compliance with the mandate and complete a legal minimum of 150 hours of CPD; 50 hours of which must be verifiable by certification and include the core subjects of medical emergencies, disinfection and contamination, and radiography (GDC Continuing Professional Development for dental care professionals, 2012). The rationale, specific to healthcare professionals is that effective regulation maximises positive health outcomes (Johnson, 2008). The purpose of professional regulation and mandatory CPD is twofold: firstly to ensure the patients health, welfare and safety and, secondly to protect the public from harm (Johnson, 2008). Many authors argue against mandatory CPD. Carpinto (1991, cited in Joyce and Cowman, 2007) felt that mandatory continuing education is at odds with the values and beliefs on which lifelong learning is based, cynically noting that it is targeted at those who least need it those who are already competent! Donen (1998) observed that only attendance, not learning can be mandated and that CME needs will differ for individuals depending on what stage they have reached in their careers. Mandatory CE was considered ineffective and outdated in so much as the system only requires proof of CPD attendance but is not required to demonstrate application to practice or competence and that it does not improve the quality of practice (Bilawka and Craig,2003:2). Additionally, mandatory CPD may, potentially devalue learning by affecting an individuals approach (Friedman and Phillips, 2004 cited in Sturrock and Lennie, 2009). The anaesthetists surveyed by Heath and Joness (1998) agree, commenting that it is often thought of as bums on seats and ticking the box. Despite the evidence, regulatory bodies continue to use mandatory CPD as a means of quality assurance. Prior to the introduction of mandatory CPD in the UK, Oosterbeek (cited in Belfield, Morris, Bullock and Frame 2001) offered an explanation in favour of mandatory CPD, which although not stated, may prove to be the overriding factor as to the enforcement of the mandatory model: there is some evidence that current provision of CPD may exacerbate disparities in service standards: the highly skilled appear to volunteer for more CPD. Therefore Compulsory or prescribed CPD may compress these differentials and hence have a positive equity effect in ensuring uniform patient care. Furthermore, Hibbs (1989, cited in Sturrock and Lennie, 2009) suggest that, in the nursing profession, a small minority would not update their professional knowledge, either informally or formally, if CPD was not a mandatory requirement. Evidence suggests this minority exists across the professions (Firmstone et al, 2004, Schostak et al, 2010). It cannot, however, be assumed that non participation equates to practi tioners not being competent or motivated (Griscti and Jacono, 2006). Another dimension may, perhaps, be found in competency and litigation. The GDC prescribes three core subjects: medical emergencies; radiography, and disinfection and contamination. Shanley et al (cited in Barnes et al 2012) claim that most dental mistakes are made in these areas of competency. The author could find no further references or evidence in the GDC literature but from personal experience finds this an understandable and reasonable claim, and that a wider literature search will reveal more. Furthermore, in addition to specialist, update courses, these areas are included in the list of most requested CPD topics at meetings (Barnes et al, 2012), suggesting that practitioners are aware that current practices in these areas are constantly changing and of their impact and consequences for all concerned. Therefore, it is understandable that the GDC reinforces these topics within the CPD cycle. Although, Cervero (2000) noted with caution that the trend across the professions in Am erica, was the increasing use of CE as the foundation for re-licensure when regulating professional practice; with all state medical boards requiring annual accreditation of continuing education for recertification. The GDC will soon introduce this system, called Revalidation, for dentists and is currently in consultation over its introduction for DCPs. Scientific knowledge in dentistry is currently doubling every 5 years Florida Academy of General Dentistry cited in Mattheos et al 2010 Some studies show that after ten years, there is a steady decline in the current, applicable knowledge of a practitioner (van Leeuwen etal, 1995; Day et al, 1988; Ramsay et al, 1991 cited in Donen, 1998). Several authors noted that practitioners tend to take CPD in topics of personal interest rather than areas of deficiency or what might be deemed essential (Heath and Jones, 1998; Sibley et al cited in Norman, Shannon, and Marrin, 2004; Sturrock and Lennie, 2009; Barnes et al, 2012). In a rapidly changing healthcare environment, this emphasises the importance of healthcare workers remaining current as relevant knowledge and skills have a shelf life. Eagle (cited in Heath and Jones, 1998) defines the educational process as one which results in an alteration in behaviour that is persistent, predetermined and that has been gained through the learners acquisition of new psychomotor skills, knowledge or attitudes. Whilst Davis (cited in Cantillon and Jones, 1999) defines CME as any and al l the ways by which [doctors] learn after formal completion of their training. Continuing Professional Development Intervention Effectiveness Several studies explored the various methods of obtaining CPD and their effectiveness in changing clinical practice, post event. Most were database and literature reviews, others used both qualitative and quantitative research data. All work is peer reviewed with the majority referencing and drawing from the authoritative work of Davis et al 1995, Changing Physician Performance A Systematic Review of the Effect of Continuing Medical Education Strategies. Much of their work confirms and complements Davis et als main findings that many CME interventions may alter physician performance and also, but to a lesser degree, healthcare outcomes. Concluding that these alterations are most often small, less often moderate and rarely large, adding, that CME interventions should be understood in the context of the delivery methods, nature and quality of the interaction and consideration be given to the complex, individual variables such as needs assessment and barriers to change (Davis et al 19 95). CPD activities range from the increasing use of the internet; journals and study clubs; lunch and learn events sponsored by commercial companies to regional and national conferences. Research, however, has shown that attendance at these events is usually due to personal interest rather than identification or a needs analysis of a weakness in a particular area, and that some professionals may not even perceive any deficit in their knowledge or practice (Hopcraft et al, 2010). The majority of papers reviewed are critical of the didactic, single event lecture. British consultant anaesthetists, surveyed by questionnaire, found that overall single event interventions such as didactic lectures were the least effective at eliciting change (Heath and Jones, 1998). Lectures were often criticised for their passive dissemination of information (Bilawka and Craig, 2003) with lecturers trying to impart too much information; not leaving enough time for questions and some attendees felt that they had not learnt anything new (Heath and Jones, 1998). Davis et al (1999) stated that didactic modality has little or no role to play. Contrary to Heath and Jones findings, Harrison and Hogg (2003) conducted a qualitative study which evaluated the reasons why doctors attend traditional CME programmes. They carried out in-depth interviews, before and after a course, and found resistance to the statement that traditional CME (lecture) does not change doctors behaviour, disagreeing , stating, they always learnt something new and were able to give concrete examples of their claims. The value of lectures may be that the information is broadly presented, thus enabling individuals to sift the information for that pearl of wisdom relevant to their practice (Harrison and Hogg, 2003). This may explain the on-going popularity of the traditional lecture in that individuals attend because it does enable some form of up-date; specialists or experts in their field of interest appears to be a draw, and possibly reassurance that their own practice is within current guidelines and thinking (Wiskott et al, 2000). Another dimension to the lecture is the informal interaction with colleagues, where collegial learning takes place as experiences are compared. There is also a perceived relative cost benefit (Brown, Belfield and Field, 2002). Workshops and hands-on courses, learning through participation, have shown to be catalysts for change amongst dentists although they have a greater associated cost they achieve a longer term impact on practice (Mercer et al cited in Bullock et al, 1999), which is sustainable (Mattheos et al, 2010). Interactive interventions such as journal clubs and small focused group discussions produced a greater effect than a single intervention (Mansouri and Lockyer, 2007). If used alone many CPD interventions have minor or negligible effect but when combined with other methods such as peer review, audit and feedback multifaceted interventions, may have a cumulative and significant effect (Oxman et al, 1995). there are no magic bullets for improving the quality of healthcare, but there are a wide range of interventions available that, if used appropriately, could lead to important improvements in professional practice and patient outcomes. Oxman et al, 1995 The majority of studies concentrated on formal, planned structured programme, there was little evidence of research into the effectiveness of informal CPD and its application to practice, presumably due to difficulties in assessing impact and relying on self-reporting. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦responsibility for the effectiveness of CPD lies with the learner Eraut, 2001 The effectiveness of CPD has been described, ideally, as the practitioner gaining improvements in practice through knowledge and skill and this improvement translates in to better health outcomes for patients respectively. Although Belfield, et al (2001) state that it is very difficult to conduct controlled studies to demonstrate improvements in practice, or patient outcomes after educational activities and most benefits and changes to practice are self-reported with no independent verification (Eaton et al, 2011). The literature review shows that effective CPD has many so many potential aspects to be studied, but the majority of studies reviewed focused on the effectiveness of formal modes of CPD, confirming Davies et als (1995) findings and mostly drawing the same conclusions. These conclusions, however, will be scrutinised further as tighter restrictions on CPD come into force through the introduction of Revalidation which will only accept validated certification. This would seem to discard the value or impact of informal learning which seems at odds with the much referenced Davies et al (1995) definition of CME as any and all the ways by which [doctors] learn after formal completion of their training. The systematic reviews have not drawn any firm conclusions on which intervention is the most effective stating that there is no single strategy effective in all settings (Donen 1998) due to the very many variables that impact of on the effectiveness of CPD. These areas be will be explored furt her in the authors research project. The last study relating specifically to Dental Hygienists was by Ross et al in 2005, who conducted a study of Scottish dental hygienists, briefly touching on CPD. As yet there have been no studies into the effects of mandatory CPD and dental hygienists. The literature thus far has helped to formulate the research question: What impact does mandatory Continuing Professional Development have an on the effectiveness of dental hygienists professional competency? References Barnes, E. Bullock, A.D. Bailey, S.E.R. Cowpe, J.G. Karahajarju-Suvanto. (2012). A review of continuing professional development for dentists in Europe, European Journal of Dental Education 16 (2012) 166-178. Belfield, C.R. Morris, Z.S. Bullock, A.D. Frame, J.W. (2001). The benefits and costs of continuing professional development (CDP) for general dental practice: a discussion, European Journal of Dental Education 2001, 5: 47-52. Bilawka, E. Craig, B.J. (2003). Quality Assurance in Health Care: past, present and future (Part 1), International Journal of Dental Hygiene 1, 2003; 159-168. Bradshaw, A. (1998). Defining competency in nursing (part 2) an analytical review, Journal of Clinical Nursing 1998; 7: 103-111. Brown, C.A. Belfield, C.R. Field, S.R. (2002). Cost effectiveness of continuing professional development in health care: a critical review of the evidence, BMJ Volume 324, 16 March 2002, 652-655. Carpinto (1991) cited in Joyce, P. Cowman, S. (2007). Continuing professional development: Investment or expectation?, Journal of Nursing Management, 2007, 15, 626-633. Cervero, R. (2000). Trends and issues in Continuing Professional Education, New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education, No. 86, Summer 2000, 3-12. Collin, K. Van der Heijden, B. Lewis P. (2012). Continuing professional development, International Journal of Training and Development, 16:3, 155-163. Cosgrove cited in Hilton, S. (2004). Medical Professionalism: how can we encourage it in our students?, The Clinical Teacher, December 2004, Volume 1, No. 2, 69-73. Davis, D. Thomson, M.A. Andrew, D. Oxman, M.D. Haynes, M.D. (1995). Changing Physician Performance: A Systematic Review of the Effect of Continuing Medical Education Strategies,. JAMA, September 6, 1995 Vol 274, No 9. Davis, D. OBrien, M.A.T. Freemantle, N. Wolf, F.M. Mazmanian, P. Taylor-Vaisey, A. (1999). Impact of Formal Continuing Medical Education Do Conferences, Workshops, Rounds, and other Traditional Continuing Education Activities Change Physician Behaviour or Health Care Outcomes?, JAMA, September 1, 1999, Vol. 282, No. 9, 867-874. Davis cited in Cantillon, P. Jones, R. (1999). Does continuing medical education in general practice make a difference?, British Medical Journal, Volume 318, 8 May 1999, 1276-1279. Donen, N. (1998). No to mandatory continuing medical education, Yes to mandatory practice auditing and professional educational development, JAMC, 21 AVR. 1998; 158 (8). Eagle cited in Heath, K.J. Jones, J.G. (1998). Experiences and attitudes of consultant and non-training grade anaesthetists to continuing medical education (CME), Anaesthesia, 1998, 53, pp. 641-467. Epstein, R.M. Hundert, E.M. (2002). Defining and Assessing Professional Competence, JAMA, January 9, 2002, Volume 287, No. 2. Eraut, M. (2001). Do continuing professional development models promote one-dimensional learning?, Medical Education, 2001; 35: 8-11. European Commission (1996) cited in Tseveenjav, B. M, M. Murtomaa, V. Muromaa, H. (2003). Attendance at and self-perceived need for continuing education among Mongolian dentists, European Journal of Dental Education 2003; 7: 130-135. Fernadez, N. Dory, V. Ste-Marie, L-G. Chaput, M. Charlin, B. Boucher, A. (2012). Varying conceptions of competence: an analysis of how health sciences educators define competence, Medical Education 2012; 46: 357-365. Firmstone, V.R. Bullock, A.D. Fielding, A. Frame, J.W. Gibson, C. Hall, J. (2004). The impact of course attendance on the practice of dentists, British Dental Journal, Volume 196 No. 12, June 26 2002. Florida Academy of General Dentistry cited in Mattheos, N. Schoonheim-Klein, M. Walmsley, A. D. Chapple, I. L.C. Innovative educational methods and technologies applicable to continuing professional development in periodontology, European Journal of Education 14 (Suppl 1) (2010) 43-52. GDC. (2012). Continuing professional development for dental care professionals. Available at: http://www.gdc-uk.org/Newsandpublications/Publications/Publications/CPD%20for%20dental%20care%20professionals.pdf Accessed on: 12 Oct 12. GDC. Preparing for practice Dental team learning outcomes for registration. Available at: http://www.gdc-uk.org/Newsandpublications/Publications/Publications/GDC%20Learning%20Outcomes.pdf Accessed on: 12 Oct 12. Griscti, O. Jacono, J. (2006). Effectiveness of continuing education programmes in nursing: literature review, Integrative Literature Reviews and Meta-Analyses, Journal Compilation. Blackwell Publishing Ltd. pp. 449-455. Harrison, C. Hogg, W. (2003). Why do doctors attend traditional CME events if they dont change what they do in their surgeries? Evaluation of doctors reasons for attending a traditional CME programme. Medical Education 2003; 37: 884-888. Heath, K.J. Jones, J.G. (1998). Experiences and attitudes of consultant and non-training grade anaesthetists to continuing medical education (CME), Anaesthesia, 1998, 53, pp. 641-467. Hibbs (1989) cited in Sturrock, J.B.E. Lennie, S.C. (2009). Compulsory continuing professional development: a questionnaire-based survey of the UK dietetic profession, Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 22, pp. 12-20. Hilton, S. (2004). Medical Professionalism: how can we encourage it in our students?, The Clinical Teacher, December 2004, Volume 1, No. 2, 69-73. Hopcraft, M.S. Manton, D.J. Chong, P.L. Ko, G. Ong, P.Y.S. Sribalachandran, S. Wang, C-J. (2010). Participation in Continuing Professional Development by dental practiioners in Victoria, Australia in 2007, European journal of Dental Education 14 (2010) 227-234. Johnson,P.M. (2008). Dental hygiene regulation: a global perspective, International Journal of Dental Hygiene 6 2008; 221-228. Mansouri, M. Lockyer, J. (2007). A Meta-Analysis of Continuing Medical Education Effectiveness, Journal of Continuing Education in the Health Professions, 27(1): 6-15. Mathewson, H. Rudkin, D. (2008). The GDC lifting the lid. Part 3: education, CPD and revalidation, British Dental Journal, Volume 205, No. 1, July 12 2008, 41-44. Mattheos, N. Schoonheim-Klein, M. Walmsley, A. D. Chapple, I. L.C. Innovative educational methods and technologies applicable to continuing professional development in periodontology, European Journal of Education 14 (Suppl 1) (2010) 43-52. Mercer et al cited in Bullock, A.D. Belfield, C.R. Butterfield, S. Ribbins, P.M. Frame, J.W. (1999). Continuing education courses in dentistry: assessing impact, Medical Education 1999; 33: 484-488. Murtomaa (1984) cited in Tseveenjav, B. M, M. Murtomaa, V. Muromaa, H. (2003). Attendance at and self-perceived need for continuing education among Mongolian dentists, European Journal of Dental Education 2003; 7: 130-135. Oosterbeek cited in Belfield, C.R. Morris, Z.S. Bullock, A.D. Frame, J.W. (2001). The benefits and costs of continuing professional development (CDP) for general dental practice: a discussion, European Journal of Dental Education 2001, 5: 47-52. Oxman, A.D. Thomson, M.A. Davis. D. Haynes, B. (1995). No magic bullets: A systematic review of 102 trials of interventions to improve professional practice, Canadian Medical Association Journal. November 15, 1995; 153 (10), 1423-1431. Peck, C. McCall, M. McLaren, B. Rotem, T. (2000). Continuing medical education and continuing professional development: international comparisons, BMJ 2000; 320, 12 February 2000, 432-435. Pendleton, D. (1995). Professional development in general practice: problems, puzzles and paradigms, British Journal of General Practice, July 1995, 377-381. Phillips (2004) cited in Sturrock, J.B.E. Lennie, S.C. (2009). Compulsory continuing professional development: a questionnaire-based survey of the UK dietetic profession, Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 22, pp. 12-20. Ramsay et al (1991) cited in Donen, N. (1998). No to mandatory continuing medical education, Yes to mandatory practice auditing and professional educational development, JAMC, 21 AVR. 1998; 158 (8). Robertson,K. (2005). Reflection in professional practice and education, Austrailian Family Physician Vol.34, No. 9, September 2005, 781-783. Shanley et al cited in Barnes, E. Bullock, A.D. Bailey, S.E.R. Cowpe, J.G. Karahajarju-Suvanto. (2012). A review of continuing professional development for dentists in Europe, European Journal of Dental Education 16 (2012) 166-178. Sibley et al cited in Norman, G.R. Shannon, S.I. Marrin, M.L. (2004). The need for needs assessment in continuing medical education, BMJ, Volume 328, 28 April 2004, 999-1001. Sturrock, J.B.E. Lennie, S.C. (2009). Compulsory continuing professional development: a questionnaire-based survey of the UK dietetic profession, Journal of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, 22, pp. 12-20. Tseveenjav, B. M, M. Murtomaa, V. Muromaa, H. (2003). Attendance at and self-perceived need for continuing education among Mongolian dentists, European Journal of Dental Education 2003; 7: 130-135. Tulinius, C. Holge-Hazleton, B. (2010). Continuing professional development for general practitioners: supporting the development of professionalism, Medical Education 2010; 44: 412-420. Wilson, N.H.F. Jones, M.L. Pine, C. Saunders, W.P. Seymour, R.A. (2008). Meeting Report Looking forward: educating tomorrows dental team, European Journal of Dental Education, 12 (2008) 176-199. Wiskott, A. H.W. Borgis, Serge. Somoness, M. (2000). A continuing education programme for general practitioners, European Journal of Dental Education 2000 4: 57-64.

Children with special educational needs Essay

The home environment and lifestyle of a child can be influenced from as early as conception. In pregnancy if a mother chooses to drink alcohol they run the risk of alcohol crossing the placenta, which can lead to foetal alcohol syndrome. This condition affects foetal growth and causes delayed development, learning difficulties and congenital abnormalities. In addition there is a risk of miscarriage. Furthermore, increasing hours of work pressured upon parents from their place of work can lead to bad eating habits, for example, fast food takeaways giving children snacks, fizzy drinks, sweets and crisps, which in-turn could lead to obesity and all the health problems that are associated with obesity, such as diabetes and osteo-arthritis. Moreover they could be the subject of bullying at school. The child may become socially excluded because of their size; they may feel depressed and withdrawn hindering their learning potential. Gender influences: Children are aware of their gender identity. Read more: Explain how children and young people’s development is influenced by a range of external factors essay Research indicates: â€Å"By the age of 21/2 years, children think girls prefer to play with dolls and engage in domestic activities with mum, while boys prefer to play with cars or construction toys and helping dad. † (www. geocities/gender. edu. ) Gender stereotyping is damaging to children’s social development and their personality as it damages their self-image, in addition too the identity of girls because it can affect their confidence and lower their self-esteem. Boys too can be limited by gender stereotypes by being forced to behave tough or less caring, in order to conform and by accepted by others. This can be overcome by early year’s practitioners providing role-play opportunities including dressing-up clothes, which allow children to explore different roles. Furthermore, books and games should be avoided, which demonstrate gender stereotyping. Special Educational Needs: The range of special educational needs, (SEN) is vast and the starting point for looking if a child may have a learning difficulty can be seen through their level of academic attainment. Learning difficulties can be described as moderate, severe or profound and multiple. They can range from a mild hearing impairment, to a severe impairment, for example, Cerebral palsy. This condition affects the part of the brain that controls movement. This may cause disability of all four limbs. Children with this condition may have motor problems, visual and hearing impairments, in addition to speech and perceptual difficulties. Dyspraxia is referred to as, â€Å"Clumsy child Syndrome† in this condition the child has difficulty with physical movement, language development may be delayed. In addition learning difficulties can occur where fine or gross motor skills are needed. Dyslexia is a condition where the child has difficulty with words and learning to read, spell and write. This could cause the child to have low self- esteem and become frustrated, or even disruptive. These examples are just a few of the conditions that may have an impact on a child’s ability to learn and develop to their full potential. It is just as important recognising the child has SEN, as to meeting their needs to help them achieve. Communication is of paramount importance, in addition to remembering to put the needs of the child first and then the disability. In conclusion it can be shown that a child’s learning and development can be affected by many factors, throughout the human life-span. This is why it is imperative that these factors are highlighted to early year’s professionals, so they can recognise and act upon them in the child’s best interests, to promote their well being and education. REFERENCES: Alcott, M. (2002) Children with special educational needs, 2nd edition, Hodder & Stoughton, London. Haralambos, Rice, D. (2002) Psychology in Focus A level, Causeway, Lancs  www.geocities.com

Who Else Wants to Learn About Comparing Movies Essay Samples?

Who Else Wants to Learn About Comparing Movies Essay Samples? Readers have to be able to adapt the standpoint of the author and see from her or his eyes on where he or she's coming from. Money satisfies the bodily needs of the individual, but people will need to recognize that happiness isn't physical. It also does not change the way people feel about you. It would be considerably more difficult to align your arguments to coordinate with the thesis, and it may diminish the worth of your assessment and the validity of your arguments. The absolute most important role of the introductory paragraph, nevertheless, is to present a very clear statement of the paper's argument. You should incorporate a distinct phrase for every one of your topics of assessment. Examples might also be included in every one of the body paragraphs to additional support and clarify your primary points. Persuasive writing can be hard, especially whenever you're made to face with a close-minded audience. Do not neglect to be aware the source for each evidence you're likely to utilize in your paper. Another thing that you ought to think of before writing is your primary point. To put it differently, the structure of the paper depends a whole lot on the topic and the sort of question you need to answer to. Without a thesis, it's impossible that you present a productive argument. The success of the entire essay directly depends upon how good you present the supporting facts. Which is exactly why we here offer you some persuasive essay samples that may aid you with your own. Don't forget that any argumentative essay sample you'll discover on the internet will require a full rewriting in order to prevent plagiarism. No matter the subject, the structure is the exact same for any persuasive essay. There are several free examples of appropriate formatting. Sample persuasive essays can also offer inspiration on topics to write on in addition to serve as examples about how to compose your essay. The simplest approach to compose a superior persuasive essay is to chose a topic you're confident in. A persuasive essay needs to be able to grab the interest of the folks reading it easily. Your persuasive essay will have a lot of paragraphs. As soon as your writing is finished, make sure to have an editor review your essay for you. Before writing down the facts and examples which you're likely to tackle, you ought to be well informed, first of all, about your topic. Qualities of a fantastic persuasive essay topic The topic ought to be specific. Selecting a great topic for your essay is among the most essential and frequently tricky parts for many students. The Bizarre Secret of Comparing Movies Essay Samples Then you're interested in figuring out how to compose persuasive paper. Other people believe that it improves creativity and productivity at work. Other goals include the demonstration of fantastic research abilities and deep understanding of the subject. The objective of brainstorming is to assist you in getting ideas. Vital Pieces of Comparing Movies Essay Samples Then whenever there is a terrifying part you're strained from screaming or you're at the hilarious role in the full movie and you've got to st ifle your laughter. The exact same thing applies, although the time frame can fluctuate, to every `living' thing. You may develop hobbies which are fun for you and do them as a kind of relaxation. Then quick forwarding and rewinding are likewise an option you are able to do at your dwelling. Clearly, you shouldn't purposely select a topic that will bore your audience. At the movies that you do not have a remote to pause in the event you want to visit the restroom or ask what's going on in the movie itself. Now once you visit the movies you get to select your time to begin the movie. You could also watch previous movies ahead of the new movie you need to watch. The custom is allowed in some states, but it's frowned upon and illegal in a lot more states. Instead of high school subjects, college subjects are somewhat more difficult to discover. Begin with general subjects that you are conversant with then narrow down to a certain topic. Unlike topics for middle school or higher school, excellent college topics are somewhat more challenging to discover.

Transition Into A New Career - 1721 Words

Second chances in life are rare, yet I was given the opportunity not so long ago. For me it all started on the last day of high school. I was about to embark on a new journey away from home, as most kids my age were. For most of my colleagues, they were heading to college. Others were heading straight into the work force. A select few, including myself, were heading to the military. In the military I grew up fast and soon found myself completing my four years of service in no time. I was left without job and not a clear sense of direction of where I wanted my life to end up. Within my state of limbo, I realized I had been given a second chance to start over, as if life hit a reset button. This left me in a situation comparable to when I originally graduated high school, but was given a chance to choose a different job. I decided to transition into a new career in nursing. The transition to nursing from the military may seem simple, but it’s far from it. 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